Ketogenic Diet - Benefits and Harms
June 08, 2022
Ketones are an alternative fuel for our cells, with several advantages over glucose. Normally produced by the liver during
Lately, it seems everyone is trying ketogenic diets for weight loss. Ketones are compounds normally produced in the body during periods of fasting. They provide easy-to-use energy for the brain and muscles.
Ketones have been associated with longevity in animal models and improved metabolism in humans and animals.1-8 By severely limiting carbohydrate intake, we can mimic some of the metabolic effects of fasting, leading to increased ketone production.
Studies have shown that carbohydrate restriction can lead to improved energy metabolism, reduced blood sugar, weight loss, and more. In one animal study, increased blood ketone levels extended average lifespan by approximately 20%.1
But many doctors warn against attempting ketogenic diets. For one, they are notoriously difficult to maintain. And they often require people to increase their intake of unhealthy fats. As a result, some of these diets have been associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and an overall increased risk of premature death.9-11
Scientists have identified a potential solution. They have found a way to safely increase blood ketone levels — and even improve the body's ability to produce its own ketones — without resorting to harmful high-fat diets.
Glucose, largely derived from carbohydrates, is the initial energy source for most cells.
In times of prolonged fasting, when glucose is low, the liver is forced to produce an alternative fuel source, ketones, which it produces from stored fats.
Science has found that ketones offer advantages over glucose. They are more energy-efficient12 and are effective energy sources for tissues with high metabolic rates, such as the brain and muscles.
Even more importantly, they have been associated with increased longevity in animal models and improved metabolism in human and animal studies.1-8
Two of the main ketones are acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). These compounds can be broken down by cells to provide energy.
BHB, created from fatty acids in the liver, not only regulates energy expenditure but also helps modulate metabolism.
Ketones are superior to other fuel sources for two main reasons: 1,2,4,8
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